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Basic Estate Planning Essentials

Where clients do not have assets in companies or held in trusts, in many cases their estate planning intentions can be dealt with by a binding death nomination (if they have a superannuation interest) and a will, with other useful documents being an enduring power of attorney and an advance health directive. A rough guide to the function of these documents is: Your will: Binding death nomination (“BDN”): Enduring power of attorney: Advance Health Directive: Please contact us if you would like to discuss your estate planning needs. For current pricing on these services, please call Jessica Murray or email jessicam@qbmlaw.com.au

Telemarketer agreements and door to door sales – the trap of arranging a later meeting

Consumers have a number of rights of termination in relation to unsolicited consumer agreements (arising from telemarketed sales, or door to door sales). An unsolicited consumer agreement is generally (with a number of exceptions) an agreement: For the supply of products or services to a consumer; Where the supplier or salesperson approaches the consumer without the consumer’s invitation; The negotiations for which take place over the telephone, or in person at a location other than the supplier’s premises. The concept is for an unsolicited agreement to be one where the direct contact is initiated by the seller.  If the contact is initiated by the customer (eg by the customer responding to an advertisement or web page, phoning the business, or going to the showroom premises) then usually the resulting agreement would not be unsolicited. A critical aspect of this is that the consumer not “invited” the contact from the supplier. Sometimes suppliers contend that an agreement is not an unsolicited consumer agreement (as a result of which there are no cooling off rights) because they say that their contact was at the invitation of the consumer.  This invitation might be artificially engineered in situations such as the following: A door to door salesperson attends a home uninvited and asks the home owner if they are interested in saving money by installing a solar PV system.  When the home owner says yes, the salesperson says that he has to meet a colleague and will have to come back, would it be ok if they meet at (say) 5pm.  if the owner has said yes, the seller might argue that the consumer invited the contact, as a result of which any agreement reached at the meeting is not an unsolicited consumer agreement; A telemarketer contacts a business offering a service.  If there is any interest, the telemarketer arranges a Zoom or in person meeting for later that day, again, the supplier argues that any agreement arising from the meeting is not an unsolicited consumer agreement because the consumer invited the contact. Because of the contention that the agreement is not unsolicited, the supplier does not include in the contract the required warnings and cooling off provisions, as a result of which the consumer is unaware that they might apply or would have applied. Whether the suppliers would be correct in alleging that agreements reached in those situations are not unsolicited consumer agreements (and accordingly have no cooling off rights) is at least debateable.  But the supplier’s argument would not exist if the arrangement was not made for a second meeting or call. Research is always advisable.  For information on door to door and telemarketing sales, see https://www.accc.gov.au/consumers/buying-products-and-services/telemarketing-and-door-to-door-sales

QCAT – Consumer/Trader dispute fails because a Real Estate Agent is not a “trader”.

In the recent decision of Quach v GLC Partners Pty Ltd [2025] QCAT 265, a claim made by QCAT as a minor civil dispute against a Real Estate agency was dismissed because the jurisdiction to have claims between a consumer and a trader does not extend to claims against  professionals.  Background QCT provides a convenient and generally economical forum through which consumers can advance claims in respect of goods and services.  These are “Minor Civil Disputes” which include residential tenancy claims, minor debt claims, dividing fence disputes, and consumer/trader disputes.  In the consumer/trader disputes a variety of orders can be made, including for the refund of money or relief against the obligation to pay a bill.  In the subject proceedings, a claim is made against a real estate agency for certain matters.  The Member considered whether QCAT had jurisdiction, noting that in Schedule 3 of the QCAT Act, a consumer is an individual for whom services are supplied for a fee other than in a trade or business carried on by the individual, and a trader is a person who in trade or commerce carries on the business of supplying services other than when acting in the exercise of a discipline that is not ordinarily regarded as within the field of trade or commerce.  The question in this particular matter was whether a real estate agent was “acting in the exercise of a discipline that is not ordinarily regarded as within the field of trade or commerce”.  In the decision, the Member quoted from previous QCAT authority which adopted the meaning of “Profession” as one which “would embrace intellectual activity, or manual activity controlled by the intellectual skill of the operator, whereby services are offered to the public, usually though not inevitably for reward and requiring professional standards of competence, training and ethics, typically reinforced by some form of official accreditation accompanied by evidence of qualification”.  In the decision, the Member observed that the activities of the Real Estate agency were – in this instance – acting in the exercise of a discipline that is not ordinarily regarded as within the field of trade or commerce – ie it was a profession and accordingly – the Real Estate agency was not a “Trader” for the purposes of the QCAT Act.  Similarly, Lawyers, Doctors, Dentists and Valuers are generally not considered Traders for the purpose of a consumer and trader dispute, meaning that claims against them cannot be brought within QCAT if they relate to the services that they have provided. For advice in respect of consumer law matters, please contact Peter Muller at peterm@qbmlaw.com.au

2 Minute Annual Legal Checkup

As we become busy with life, we often overlook events that have triggered the need to modify our legal arrangements. Below is a list of questions dealing with commonplace legal dealings for many our clients, which should take no more than a minute or two to read.  If the answer to any of the questions is “no” then you should look into it further.  The list is not exhaustive, but it touches on common matters that slip between the cracks. Personal: Your Will- Do you have one? Are the executors healthy; Are the beneficiaries correct, healthy and no potential bankruptcies? Do you still own the property that is specifically given to someone in your will? Do you know where the original of the will is? Your Enduring power of attorney- Do you have one? Is your attorney healthy? Do you still trust your attorney to do what is right for you? Superannuation- Are binding  nominations in place? If you control a Trust- Is the appointor (principal) healthy? Is there a succession plan for the appointor? Business: If you control a Company- Do you have a company power of attorney to operate if you are incapacitated? Are your ASIC records and addresses up to date? If you have a Lease- Have the rent reviews been done? Many option rights have to be exercised 6 months before the end of the term, or sometimes longer, otherwise the right is lost.  Have you diarised the last date to exercise?  If your option is to be exercised in the next year, have you instructed a lawyer to make sure that the option is exercised properly? If your business relies on some other form of legal rights (eg management rights, franchise agreement, license agreement), have you diarised when notice has to be given for renewal? QBM Lawyers can help you with your business and personal legal dealings.  Please let us know if we can help.  Contact Peter Muller at peterm@qbmlaw.com.au or Jessica Murray at jessicam@qbmlawyers.com.au.